How to Convert Minutes for Payroll (+ Free Conversion Chart)
Charlette has over 10 years of experience in accounting and finance and 2 years of partnering with HR leaders on freelance projects. She uses this extensive experience to answer your questions about payroll.
Heather is a staff writer and payroll specialist with several years of experience working directly with small business owners. Her expertise allows her to deliver the best answers to your questions about payroll.
This article is part of a larger series on How to Do Payroll.
If you are an employer with multiple hourly workers, it can be challenging to calculate pay if they work only a fraction of an hour. To pay employees working partial hours, you need to know how to convert minutes for payroll. Failing to convert minutes when calculating pay causes errors and creates more work on the back end.
Converting minutes is simple, however, if you know how to express minutes as decimals (and our downloadable conversion chart can help). Once time worked is converted into decimal form, such as 4.35 hours, you can multiply by the pay rate and find total wages due.
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Steps Employers Must Follow to Convert Minutes to Payroll
To be sure you’re not overpaying or underpaying your employees, you must convert minutes worked into decimals. You can use our free conversion chart to show you the corresponding decimal for minutes one through 60 to help you calculate gross pay accurately and quickly based on actual hours worked.
Pro Tip: You can convert minutes to decimals for payroll in three steps, but you’ll have to decide whether to use actual hours worked or hours rounded to the nearest quarter as allowed by federal law. It’s better to use actual hours because rounding can cause you to pay more than necessary for wages and overtime. We’ll show you how later in this article.
Here are the steps you should follow to convert your employees’ minutes worked into decimal form and dollars to be paid:
Step 1. Calculate Total Working Hours & Minutes
Calculating total hours worked is usually straightforward if you have a time-tracking system (pen-and-paper, time clock, spreadsheet, etc.); however, if your policy requires you to round employee hours to the nearest quarter, as the Department of Labor allows, it can be tricky.
Actual Hours Worked
To calculate the actual time worked, you need to total the hours and minutes between your employee’s starting and ending times for each workday. The time sheet provides a good example of the information you’ll start with before converting minutes to decimal form.
Example Time Sheet
Clock-in/ Clock-out | 8 a.m.–4 p.m. 8 hrs | 8:04 a.m.–4:10 p.m. 8 hrs, 6 mins | 8:03 a.m.–4:07 p.m. 8 hrs, 4 mins | 8:08 a.m.–3:50 p.m. 7 hrs, 42 mins | 8:01 a.m.–3:58 p.m. 7 hrs, 57 mins |
Hours: 8 + 8 + 8 + 7 + 7 = 38 hours
Minutes: 0 + 6 + 4 + 42 + 57 = 109 minutes
(Convert 60 minutes of the 109 minutes to one hour to make it easier; 109 minutes – 60 minutes = 49 minutes; 38 hours + one hour = 39 hours)
38 hours + 109 minutes = 39 hours and 49 minutes
Rounding Hours Worked to Quarters
Federal law also gives employers the option to calculate wages using rounded hours worked when processing payroll. It’s up to you which method you prefer, but should you choose the rounding method, you need to know how to round correctly to maintain compliance.
You’re allowed to round employee time to the nearest quarter-hour. A quarter of an hour is 15 minutes, and there are four in each hour, i.e., 0:15, 0:30, 0:45, 0:00. If your employee clocks in at any time not in a quarter, you can round. However, you can only round up to the next quarter if the time is from eight to 14 minutes past the previous quarter. If your employee’s time is from one to seven minutes past the previous quarter, you must round back down.
Let’s use the sample time sheet above in an example to round hours worked:
Example: On Tuesday, your employee clocks in at 8:04 a.m. He leaves at 4:10 p.m. and doesn’t take a break. The actual time worked is eight hours and six minutes. Rounded hours worked are eight hours and 15 minutes.
- 8:04 a.m. must be rounded down to 8 a.m. because it’s not more than seven minutes past the previous quarter (8 a.m.).
- 4:10 p.m. must be rounded up to 4:15 p.m. because it’s more than seven minutes past the previous quarter (4 p.m.).
- The employee’s time sheet would reflect 8 a.m. to 4:15 p.m.—nine minutes more than actually worked.
The differences that arise with rounding your employees’ working hours can add up over time. In our example, it was in the employee’s favor, which meant you would be paying for more time than was actually worked. Paying for an additional nine minutes for three days a week throughout the 52 weeks in a year would equal an extra 468 minutes or seven hours and 48 minutes of non-working time you’d be paying for.
Pro Tip: The impact of rounding can be inconsistent each week, depending on your employees’ work habits, so it’s not the best idea to adopt a policy of rounding hours worked in hopes of manipulating it in your favor.
Step 2. Convert Minutes to Decimals
Converting minutes to decimals is as simple as dividing minutes by 60. The good news is you can skip that step if you use our minute conversion chart. In the chart, simply find the minutes worked, between one and 60, and the decimal equivalent will be to its immediate right. For instance, the decimal equivalent of 1 is 0.02. Once you have the decimal, add it to the number of hours worked.
Let’s look at the sample time sheet again (see below) and convert Tuesday’s actual time worked to a decimal.
Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clock-in/ Clock-out | 8 a.m–4 p.m. 8 hrs | 8:04 a.m.–4:10 p.m. 8 hrs, 6 mins | 8:03 a.m.–4:07 p.m. 8 hrs, 4 mins | 8:08 a.m.–3:50 p.m. 7 hrs, 42 mins | 8:01 a.m.–3:58 p.m. 7 hrs, 57 mins |
The employee worked eight hours and six minutes. Per the minute conversion chart, six minutes is the same as 0.1. Add the decimal to the number of hours worked to get the total time worked in numeric forms, like this:
eight hours + 0.1 hours = 8.1 hours
The employee worked 8.1 hours Tuesday.
Step 3. Multiply Time Calculated & Wage Rate
Now you’re ready to use the time you converted into decimal form to calculate how much you need to pay your employee. Let’s assume the employee’s hourly wage is $14.25. You owe $115.43 for the hours worked Tuesday.
$14.25 (hourly wage) x 8.1 (time in decimal form) = $115.43
For more help with payroll calculations, check out our article on how to calculate payroll.
Alternates for Converting Minutes
If converting minutes by hand is too time consuming or complicated for your team, consider using a payroll software that handles your timekeeping for you. Check out our highest rated payroll softwares, which all offer time tracking:
Starter Monthly Pricing | Standard Direct Deposit | Health Benefits Covers All States | |
|---|---|---|---|
 | $6 per employee + $40 base fee | 2-day | Limited to 39 states |
 | $5 per employee + $45 base fee | Next-day | ✓ |
 | $5 per employee + $39 base fee | 2-day | ✓ |
 | $5 per employee + $35 base fee | 4-day; instantly with Square Payments | ✓ |
 | $6 per employee + $40 base fee | 2- or 4-day, depends on risk assessment | ✓ |
 | $8 per employee + $35 base fee* | 2-day | ✓ |
 | $5 per employee + $99 base fee | 2-day | ✓ |
 | Custom priced | 2-day | ✓ |
 | $4 per employee + $17 base fee** | 4-day | ✕ |
 | $6 per employee + $39 base fee*** | 2-day for qualified companies | ✕ |
*Pricing is based on a quote we received; includes time tracking, payroll, and access to Rippling’s core workforce management platform.
**Patriot Payroll also offers a full-service payroll option with tax filing services that costs $37 plus $4 per employee monthly.
***You have to get Homebase’s main time tracking and scheduling platform (which is free for one-location businesses) before you can purchase Homebase Payroll.
Bottom Line
Converting minutes for payroll can be easy. It just depends on whether you use rounded or actual hours worked, how you track working hours, and what tools you use to calculate. Your main goal is to translate time worked into decimal form, so you can multiply by your employee’s pay rate and find how much you owe in wages.
